Bone Repair Process in Defects of Diabetic Rats Filled with Autogenous Bone Graft and Covered with Homogenous Bone Matrix Membrane or Polytetrafluoroethylene Membrane.

PURPOSE: To analyze the process of repair of bone defects in diabetic rats filled with autogenous bone and covered with membranes of homogenous bone matrix or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty male rats were divided into two groups: group 1 (IC), without systemic alterations (control), received an intravenous injection of citrate buffer at 0.01 M, pH 4.5; group 2 (IID) (diabetic) received an intravenous injection of streptozotocin (Sigma-Aldrich) dissolved in 0.01 M citrate buffer (pH 4.5) at a concentration of 35 mg/kg. After glycemic control was achieved, the rats were subdivided into three groups: SM (surgical cavity of the left tibia filled with autogenous bone graft, not covered by membrane); MH (surgical cavity filled with autogenous bone graft and covered with homogenous membrane); and MX (surgical cavity filled with autogenous bone graft and covered with synthetic ePTFE membrane). At 10 and 60 days, the defects in the tibiae were analyzed histologically and histometrically. RESULTS: At 10 days, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups. However, the bone tissue of the diabetic group was qualitatively worse than that of the control group. At 60 days, a delay was found in the bone-repair process in wounds covered by the membranes regardless of the systemic state, but the quality of the newly formed bone in the wounds covered by the membranes was better in both groups. At 60 days, the diabetic group treated with homogenous membrane experienced less bone formation when compared with the nondiabetic group, and this difference was statistically significant. Such differences were even greater between the groups treated without the membrane (P < .01). CONCLUSION: The homogenous membrane exhibited excellent biocompatibility and was incorporated into the newly formed bone in later periods, both in diabetic and nondiabetic rats.

Survival Without Neurological Impairment of a Patient With Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Zygomycosis.

Rhinocerebral zygomycosis is a rare condition characterized by infection initially in the nose and paranasal sinuses with atypical symptoms consistent with sinusitis. Once established in the nasal sinuses, the infection can easily spread to the orbital region and brain. In the localized form of the infection, the mortality rate is approximately 10%, which increases in the occurrence of orbital involvement and survival in patients of cerebral dissemination is extremely rare. The present paper reports a patient of nasal zygomycosis with orbital and cerebral dissemination in an otherwise healthy patient who survived after 14 months of hospitalization with no neurological impairment. A review of the literature addressing aspects related to diagnosis, treatment, and complications of this fungal infection is also presented.

Bone repair of surgical defects filled with autogenous bone and covered with demineralized bone matrix membrane or polytetrafluoroethylene membrane in rats.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of a demineralized bone matrix membrane and a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane in the process of bone repair of surgical defects filled with autogenous bone in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty rats weighing approximately 250 g each were selected and separated into three groups: control group without membrane, demineralized bone matrix membrane group, and PTFE membrane group. Bilaterally, surgical defects of 2 mm in diameter were prepared in the tibiae. The defect in the left tibia was filled with particulate autogenous bone collected during the creation of the two defects and was left uncovered (control) or was covered with the membranes investigated by the present study. At 10 or 60 days postoperatively, the rats were euthanized and the left tibiae were submitted to routine laboratory processing for histomorphometric analysis. All groups were evaluated separately on the 10th and 60th days after surgery. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for group comparison. RESULTS: The membrane-treated defects showed a delay in healing. Sites treated with demineralized bone matrix membrane showed, as early as day 10, more newly formed bone and slow replacement until day 60. At day 60, the sites covered with demineralized bone matrix membrane and with synthetic membrane showed statistically significant results. CONCLUSION: The demineralized bone matrix membrane proved to be biocompatible. In terms of newly formed bone area, both membranes showed similar performance.

The primary closure approach of dog bite injuries of the nose.

The nose holds an outstanding position on the face, acquiring great importance within the context of facial aesthetics. Because of the functional, psychological, and social aspects of trauma in a society increasingly demanding about aesthetics, treatment institution must reduce, as accurate as possible, the sequelae that hinder social integration. This clinical report relates an immediate nasal reconstruction of a complex animal bite wound. A 7-year-old patient was victim of a dog bite with avulsion of the left nasal ala and part of the ipsilateral nasal tip. The treatment was immediate nasal reconstruction with auricular composite graft. After 1 year of follow-up, the shape of nasal ala was stable, and the color was consistent with the surrounding tissue. The 2 nasal sides exhibited satisfactory symmetry when evaluated. It can be concluded that the composite graft derived from the auricular helix is a safe option for reconstruction of nasal ala defects with compromised margins in pediatric patients when conditions of reimplantation do not exist.

Análise histológica e histomorfométrica do processo de reparo de defeitos ósseos em ratos diabéticos preenchidos com osso autógeno e recobertos por membrana de matriz óssea homógena ou por membrana de politetrafluoretileno / Histological and histomorphometric analysis of bone repair process in defects of diabetic rats filled with autogenous bone graft covered with homogenous bone matrix membrane or polytetrafluoroethylene membrane

Proposição: O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar histologicamente e histomorfometricamente o processo de reparo de defeitos ósseos em ratos diabéticos preenchidos com osso autógeno e recoberto por membranas de matriz óssea homógena ou politetrafluoretileno expandido (PTFe). Materiais e métodos: Para a obtenção da membrana homógena foram utilizados 40 animais saudáveis, não incluídos no grupo experimental. No experimento foram utilizados 120 ratos (Rattus norvegicus albinus, Wistar) machos, com peso aproximado de 250 gramas, divididos em dois grupos: o grupo I (IC), sem alterações sistêmicas (Controle) recebeu injeção de tampão citrato a 0,01M, ph 4,5, pela via endovenosa e o grupo II (Diabético) ou IID recebeu pela mesma via de administração (veia peniana) injeção de estreptozotocina (Sigma-Aldrich) dissolvida em tampão citrato a 0,01M, ph 4,5, em uma concentração de 35mg/Kg. Após controle glicêmico os ratos sem alterações sistêmicas (grupo controle) e diabéticos foram subdivididos em três subgrupos de experimentos: SM - a cavidade cirúrgica da tíbia esquerda foi preenchida com enxertos ósseos autógenos, não sendo recoberta por membrana, MH - a cavidade também preenchida com enxertos ósseos foi recoberta por membrana homógena e MX - o recobrimento foi feito com membrana sintética de PTFe. Os animais foram eutanaziados aos 10 e 60 dias e as tíbias foram submetidas ao processamento laboratorial de rotina para análise histológica e histométrica. Resultados: Aos 10 dias não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os diabéticos e não-diabéticos que tiveram suas feridas recobertas ou não com as membranas. No entanto, nesse tempo, o tecido ósseo do grupo diabético apresentou-se qualitativamente pior se comparado ao do grupo controle. Aos 60 dias constatou-se atraso no processo de reparo ósseo nas feridas recobertas pelas membranas, se comparado ao grupo sem membrana, independentemente do estado sistêmico. Aos 60 dias as membranas...

Purpose: To carry out histological and histomorphometric analysis of the bone repair process in diabetic rats filled with autogenous bone graft and covered with homogenous demineralized bone matrix membrane or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane (e-PTF). Materials and Methods: In order to obtain the homogenous membrane, 40 healthy animals not included in the experimental group were used. In the experiment 120 male rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus, Wistar) weighing approximately 250g were divided into two groups. Group I (IC) had no systemic alterations (Control) and received an intravenous citrate buffer injection at 0.01 M, pH 4.5, while Group II (Diabetic) or IID received an intravenous injection of streptozotocin (Sigma-Aldrich) dissolved in citrate buffer at 0.01M, ph 4.5 in a concentration of 35 mg/kg. After glycemic control, the rats with no systemic alterations (Control group) and the diabetic rats were subdivided into three subgroups, as follows: SM - surgical cavity of left tibia was filled with autogenous bone grafting not covered by membrane; MH - bone grafting covered by homogenous membrane; and MX - bone grafting covered by expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane (e-PTFE). The animals were euthanized at 10 and 60 days and the tibiae were submitted to routine laboratorial processing for histological and histomorphometric analysis. Results: At 10 days, there were no statistically significant differences between diabetic and non-diabetic rats which had their wounds covered or not covered with the membranes. However, at 10 days the bone tissue of the diabetic group was qualitatively worse in comparison to that of the control group. At 60 days a delay was found in the bone repair process in wounds covered by membranes when compared to the group without membrane, regardless of the systemic state. At 60 days the membranes installed on the bone defect showed satisfactory responses in both groups regarding the quality of the newly formed bone when..

Análise histológica e histomorfométrica do processo de reparo de defeitos ósseos em ratos diabéticos preenchidos com osso autógeno e recobertos por membrana de matriz óssea homógena ou por membrana de politetrafluoretileno / Histological and histomorphometric analysis of bone repair process in defects of diabetic rats filled with autogenous bone graft covered with homogenous bone matrix membrane or polytetrafluoroethylene membrane

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar histologicamente e histomorfometricamente o processo de reparo de defeitos ósseos em ratos diabéticos preenchidos com osso autógeno e recoberto por membranas de matriz óssea homógena ou politetrafluoretileno expandido (PTFe). Materiais e métodos: Para a obtenção da membrana homógena foram utilizados 40 animais saudáveis, não incluídos no grupo experimental. No experimento foram utilizados 120 ratos (Rattus norvegicus albinus, Wistar) machos, com peso aproximado de 250 gramas, divididos em dois grupos: o grupo I (IC), sem alterações sistêmicas (Controle) recebeu injeção de tampão citrato a 0,01M, ph 4,5, pela via endovenosa e o grupo II (Diabético) ou IID recebeu pela mesma via de administração (veia peniana) injeção de estreptozotocina (Sigma-Aldrich) dissolvida em tampão citrato a 0,01M, ph 4,5, em uma concentração de 35mg/Kg. Após controle glicêmico os ratos sem alterações sistêmicas (grupo controle) e diabéticos foram subdivididos em três subgrupos de experimentos: SM - a cavidade cirúrgica da tíbia esquerda foi preenchida com enxertos ósseos autógenos, não sendo recoberta por membrana, MH - a cavidade também preenchida com enxertos ósseos foi recoberta por membrana homógena e MX - o recobrimento foi feito com membrana sintética de PTFe. Os animais foram eutanaziados aos 10 e 60 dias e as tíbias foram submetidas ao processamento laboratorial de rotina para análise histológica e histométrica. Resultados: Aos 10 dias não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os diabéticos e não-diabéticos que tiveram suas feridas recobertas ou não com as membranas. No entanto, nesse tempo, o tecido ósseo do grupo diabético apresentou-se qualitativamente pior se comparado ao do grupo controle. Aos 60 dias constatou-se atraso no processo de reparo ósseo nas feridas recobertas pelas membranas, se comparado ao grupo sem membrana, independentemente do estado sistêmico. Aos 60 dias as membranas...

To carry out histological and histomorphometric analysis of the bone repair process in diabetic rats filled with autogenous bone graft and covered with homogenous demineralized bone matrix membrane or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane (e-PTF). Materials and Methods: In order to obtain the homogenous membrane, 40 healthy animals not included in the experimental group were used. In the experiment 120 male rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus, Wistar) weighing approximately 250g were divided into two groups. Group I (IC) had no systemic alterations (Control) and received an intravenous citrate buffer injection at 0.01 M, pH 4.5, while Group II (Diabetic) or IID received an intravenous injection of streptozotocin (Sigma-Aldrich) dissolved in citrate buffer at 0.01M, ph 4.5 in a concentration of 35 mg/kg. After glycemic control, the rats with no systemic alterations (Control group) and the diabetic rats were subdivided into three subgroups, as follows: SM - surgical cavity of left tibia was filled with autogenous bone grafting not covered by membrane; MH - bone grafting covered by homogenous membrane; and MX - bone grafting covered by expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane (e-PTFE). The animals were euthanized at 10 and 60 days and the tibiae were submitted to routine laboratorial processing for histological and histomorphometric analysis. Results: At 10 days, there were no statistically significant differences between diabetic and non-diabetic rats which had their wounds covered or not covered with the membranes. However, at 10 days the bone tissue of the diabetic group was qualitatively worse in comparison to that of the control group. At 60 days a delay was found in the bone repair process in wounds covered by membranes when compared to the group without membrane, regardless of the systemic state. At 60 days the membranes installed on the bone defect showed satisfactory responses in both groups regarding the quality of the newly formed bone when...

Avaliação da abordagem subtarsal no tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas zigomático-orbitárias / Assessment of subtarsal approach to the surgical treatment of orbitozygomatic fractures

Objetivo: avaliar as complicações, vantagens e desvantagens da abordagem subtarsal quando utilizada para exposição da borda infra-orbital e do assoalho da órbita em fraturas zigomático-orbitárias. Casuística e método: Estudo retrospectivo de 41 incisões subtarsais empregadas em 39 pacientes com fraturas do complexo zigomático e/ou do assoalho da órbita do tipo blow-out, no período de janeiro de 2002 a dezembro de 2006. Resultados: As complicações observadas foram conjuntivite, epífora e cicatriz aparente em cinco (12,20%), três (7,32%) e dois (4,88%) dos casos, respectivamente. Não houve presença de ectrópio, entrópio ou scleral show nos pacientes reavaliados. Conclusão: Concluímos que a principal vantagem dessa abordagem são os resultados estéticos e funcionais associados aos benefícios transoperatórios.

Porpouse: To evaluate the complications, advantages and disadvantages of the subtarsal approach when used to exposure the orbital rim and orbital floor in orbitozygomatic fractures. Method: Retrospective study of the 41 subtarsal incisions that were used in 39 patients with fractures of the zygomatic complex and/or orbital floor, of blowout type, between January 2002 and December 2006. Results: The observed complications were conjunctivitis, epiphora and noticeable scar, in five (12.20%), three (7.32%) and two (4.88%) of the cases, respectively. There was no ectropion, entropion or scleral show in the patients reevaluated. Conclusions: We conclude that the main advantages of this approach are the esthetic result together with the transoperative benefits.

Avaliação da abordagem palpebral subtarsal no tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas zigomático-orbitais / Evaluation of palpebral subtarsal approach in surgical treatment of orbito-zigomatic fractures

OBJETIVO: avaliar as complicações, vantagens e desvantagens da abordagem subtarsal quando utilizada para exposição da borda infra-orbital e do assoalho da órbita em fraturas zigomático-orbitais. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 41 incisões subtarsais empregadas em 39 pacientes com fraturas do complexo zigomático e/ou do assoalho da órbita do tipo blow-out, no período de janeiro de 2002 a dezembro de 2006. RESULTADOS: As complicações observadas foram conjuntivite, epífora e cicatriz aparente em seis (14,6 por cento), cinco (12,2 por cento) e dois (4,9 por cento) dos casos, respectivamente. Não houve presença de ectrópio, entrópio ou esclera aparente nos pacientes reavaliados. CONCLUSÃO: As principais vantagens dessa abordagem são os resultados estéticos e funcionais associados aos benefícios trans-operatórios.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the complications, advantages and disadvantages of the subtarsal approach when used to exposure the orbital rim and orbital floor in orbitozygomatic fractures. METHODS: Retrospective study of the 41 subtarsal incisions that were used in 39 patients with fractures of the zygomatic complex and/or orbital floor, of blowout type, between January 2002 and December 2006. RESULTS: The observed complications were conjunctivitis, epiphora and noticeable scar, in six (14,6 percent), five (12,2 percent) and two (4.9 percent) of the cases, respectively. There was no ectropion, entropion or scleral show in the patients reevaluated. CONCLUSIONS: The main advantages of this approach are the esthetic result together with the transoperative benefits.

[Evaluation of palpebral subtarsal approach in surgical treatment of orbito-zigomatic fractures]. / Avaliação da abordagem palpebral subtarsal no tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas zigomático-orbitais.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the complications, advantages and disadvantages of the subtarsal approach when used to exposure the orbital rim and orbital floor in orbitozygomatic fractures. METHODS: Retrospective study of the 41 subtarsal incisions that were used in 39 patients with fractures of the zygomatic complex and/or orbital floor, of blowout type, between January 2002 and December 2006. RESULTS: The observed complications were conjunctivitis, epiphora and noticeable scar, in six (14,6%), five (12,2%) and two (4.9%) of the cases, respectively. There was no ectropion, entropion or scleral show in the patients reevaluated. CONCLUSIONS: The main advantages of this approach are the esthetic result together with the transoperative benefits.